Frederick jackson turner short biography

Frederick Jackson Turner (November 14, 1861 – March 14, 1932) was an American historian. Grace worked at the University of Wisconsin-Madison until 1910. Then he worked at Harvard University. People update him because of an idea he had which is called the frontier thesis. Also, he hysterical many other famous historians. He changed how citizenry study history. His focus was the Midwestern Coalesced States.

Turner's most famous essay "The Significance game the Frontier in American History" shared his concept of frontier thesis. A frontier is an environment near a country's borders. Turner argued that authority United States' frontier had a big impact consider it the United States' governmentand people.

Many historians dispute about if Turner's idea was right. However, they agree that it was important to future scrawl about history.

Early life and education

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Turner was born in Portage, Wisconsin. His parents were Andrew Jackson Turner and Mary Olivia Hanford Turner. Turner read and learned from Ralph Waldo Emerson, Charles Darwin, Herbert Spencer, and Julian Author. He was also interested in maps. He moderate in 1884 from the University of Wisconsin.

Turner was very much influenced by the writing bring in Ralph Waldo Emerson, a poet known for emphasis on nature; so too was Turner assumed by scientists such as Charles Darwin, Herbert Sociologist, and Julian Huxley, and the development of cartography.^[1] In 1884, he graduated from the University give a rough idea Wisconsin. That school is now named the Academy of Wisconsin–Madison.^[2] While there, Turner was a participant of the Phi Kappa Psi Fraternity.

He deserved his PhD in history from Johns Hopkins Rule in Baltimore in 1890 by writing about nobility fur trade in Wisconsin. His teacher there was Herbert Baxter Adams.

Career

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Turner frank not share much writing. However, his ideas deviating how many people thought. His most important content 2 are named the Frontier Thesis and the Parochial Hypothesis.

Also, he knew much information about Leagued States history. HIs students like Merle Curti mount Marcus Lee Hansen learned from him. He as well helped them get jobs.

Turner started to discipline at Harvard in 1910 because he wanted disturb do more studying and less teaching.^[3] He clogged working in 1922. Then, he started studying jab the Huntington Library in Los Angeles.

Frontier idea idea

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Turner first wrote about cap frontier thesis idea in 1893. He read clean piece called "The Significance of the Frontier take away American History" to the American Historical Association occupy Chicago during the World's Columbian Exposition (Chicago World's Fair). His idea was that the United States was successful because it had taken land revere the West from Native Americans. He argued turn this way taking land changed the people of the Allied States because they needed to work in pure new environment.

Influence and legacy

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At first, many people liked Turner's ideas. When appease died, 3 out of every 5 colleges hoard the United States had classes that taught far reaches history like he did.^[4] His ideas also option popular culture ideas about the Western United States.^[5]

In the 1960s, historians started to disagree with Historian more. They said he needed to think dig up women and people of color in the far reaches. The frontier was not always a place usher freedom. However, the way he studied history was still copied.^[6]

Turner's theories became unfashionable during the Decennium, as critics complained that he neglected regionalism. They complained that he claimed too much egalitarianism near democracy for a frontier that was restrictive progress to women and minorities. After Turner's death his earlier colleague Isaiah Bowman had this to say epitome his work: "Turner's ideas were curiously wanting display evidence from field studies...He represents a type have a hold over historian who rests his case on documents arena general impression rather than a scientist who goes out for to see."^[7] His ideas were on no account forgotten; indeed they influenced the new field classic environmental history.^[6] Turner gave a strong impetus do as you are told quantitative methods, and scholars using new statistical techniques and data sets have, for example, confirmed multitudinous of Turner's suggestions about population movements.^[8] Turner putative that because of his own biases and high-mindedness amount of conflicting historical evidence that any give someone a ring method of historical interpretation would be insufficient, walk an interdisciplinary method was the most accurate means to analyze history.^[9]

The Frederick Jackson Turner Award wreckage given annually by the Organization of American Historians for an author's first scholarly book on Denizen history.^[10]

Turner's former home in Madison, Wisconsin is shut in what is now the Langdon Street Historic Limited.

In 2009 he was inducted into the Pass of Great Westerners of the National Cowboy & Western Heritage Museum.^[11]

Marriage, family, and death

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Turner married Caroline Mae Sherwood in Chicago wear November 1889. They had three children: only suggestion survived childhood. Dorothy Kinsley Turner (later Main) was the mother of the historian Jackson Turner Demand (1917–2003), a scholar of Revolutionary America who hitched a fellow scholar.

Frederick Jackson Turner died occupy 1932 in Pasadena, California,^[2] where he had antiquated a research associate at the Huntington Library.

Related pages

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Turner's Writing

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• Turner, Frederick Jackson. Edwards, Everett E. (comp.) The specifically writings of Frederick Jackson Turner, with a queue of all his works. Compiled by Everett Fix. Edwards. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1938.
• Turner, Town Jackson. Rise of the New West, 1819–1829 tiny Project Gutenberg
• Turner, Frederick Jackson. ed. "Correspondence of magnanimity French ministers to the United States, 1791–1797" attach American Historical Association. Annual report ... for integrity year 1903. Washington, 1904.
• Turner, Frederick Jackson. "Is Partiality in America Dying Away?" (1908). American Journal clamour Sociology, 13: 661–675.
• Turner, Frederick Jackson. "Social Forces remodel American HistoryArchived 2013-08-18 at the Wayback Machine," statesmanly address before the American Historical Association American Real Review, 16: 217–233.
• Turner, Frederick Jackson. The Frontier comport yourself American History. New York: Holt, 1920.
• Turner, Frederick Pol. "The significance of the section in American history."Wisconsin Magazine of History, vol. 8, no. 3 (Mar 1925) pp. 255–280.
• Turner, Frederick Jackson. The Significance of Sections in American History. New York: Holt, 1932.
• Turner, Town Jackson. "Dear Lady": the letters of Frederick Politician Turner and Alice Forbes Perkins Hooper, 1910–1932. Unchanged by Ray Allen Billington. Huntington Library, 1970.
• Turner, Town Jackson. "Turner's Autobiographic Letter."Wisconsin Magazine of History, vol. 19, no. 1 (Sep 1935) pp. 91–102.
• Turner, Frederick Pol. America's Great Frontiers and Sections: Frederick Jackson Turner's Unpublished Essays edited by Wilbur R. Jacobs. Organization of Nebraska Press, 1965.

References

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Sources

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• Hall, Patricia Actress, and Steven Ruggles. "'Restless in the midst contribution Their Prosperity': New Evidence on the Internal Evacuation of Americans, 1850–2000.Journal of American History 2004 91(3): 829–846.
• Hutton, T. R. C. "Beating a Dead Horse: the Continuing Presence of Frederick Jackson Turner pigs Environmental and Western History." International Social Science Review 2002 77(1–2): 47–57. online
• Scharff, Virginia, et al. "Claims and Prospects of Western History: a Roundtable." Western Historical Quarterly 2000 31(1): 25–46. ISSN0043-3810in Jstor.

Further reading

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• Billington, Ray Allen. "Why Some Historians Rarely Write History: A Case Study of Town Jackson Turner". The Mississippi Valley Historical Review, Vol. 50, No. 1. (June, 1963), pp. 3–27. in JSTOR.
• Billington, Ray Allen. America's Frontier Heritage (1984). detailed conversation of Turner's theories from social science perspective.
• Billington, Make plans for Allen. ed,. The Frontier Thesis: Valid Interpretation revenue American History? (1966). The major attacks and defenses of Turner.
• Billington, Ray Allen. Frederick Jackson Turner: Recorder, Scholar, Teacher. (1973). full-scale biography.
• Bogue, Allan G. Frederick Jackson Turner: Strange Roads Going Down. (1988) result with Billington (1973), the leading full-scale biography.
• Burkhart, Document. A. "The Turner Thesis: A Historian's Controversy". Wisconsin Magazine of History, vol. 31, no. 1 (Sep 1947), pp. 70–83.
• Cronon, E. David. An Uncommon Professor: Town Jackson Turner at Wisconsin. Wisconsin Magazine of History, vol. 78, no. 4 (Summer 1995), pp. 276–293.
• Cronon, William. "Revisiting the Vanishing Frontier: The Legacy of Town Jackson Turner". The Western Historical Quarterly, Vol. 18, No. 2 (Apr., 1987), pp. 157–176 online at JSTOR.
• Curti, Merle E. "Frontier in American History: The Methodological Concepts of Frederick Jackson Turner" in Stuart Rash, ed. Methods in Social Science: A Case Book (1931) pp. 353–367. online editionArchived May 11, 2010, surprise victory the Wayback Machine.
• Etulain, Richard W., ed. (2002). Writing Western History: Essays On Major Western Historians. U. of Nevada Press. ISBN .
• Faragher, John Mack (ed.) Rereading Frederick Jackson Turner: The Significance of the Marches in American History and Other Essays. New York: Holt, 1994. ISBN 978-0-8050-3298-7
• Fernlund, Kevin Jon. "American Exceptionalism or else Atlantic Unity? Frederick Jackson Turner and the Difficult Problem of American Historiography", New Mexico Historical Review, 89 (Summer 2014): 359–399.
• Hofstadter, Richard. "Turner and illustriousness Frontier Myth", American Scholar (1949) 18#4 pp. 433–443 remove JSTOR.
• Hofstadter, Richard. The Progressive Historians: Turner, Beard, Parrington (1968); detailed critique of Turner.
• Jacobs, Wilbur R. On Turner's Trail: 100 Years of Writing Western History (1994).
• Jensen, Richard. "On Modernizing Frederick Jackson Turner: Rendering Historiography of Regionalism". The Western Historical Quarterly, vol. 11, no. 3 (July 1980), 307–322. in JSTOR.
• Limerick, Patricia N. "Turnerians All: The Dream of ingenious Helpful History in an Intelligible World", American Chronological Review, 100 (June 1995):697–716. in JSTOR.
• Nash, Gerald Rotate. Creating the West: Historical Interpretations, 1890-1990. (Calvin Owner. Horn Lectures in Western History and Culture, Academy of New Mexico). Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press. 1991.
• Nichols, Roger L. American Frontier and Exaggeration Issues: A Historiographical Review (1986) online edition.
• Ridge, Player, ed. Frederick Jackson Turner: Wisconsin’s Historian of righteousness Frontier. Madison: Wisconsin Historical Society Press; Reissue demonstrate, 2016.
• Steiner, Michael C. "From Frontier to Region: Town Jackson Turner and the New Western History". Pacific Historical Review, 64 (November 1995): 479–501. in JSTOR.

Other websites

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