Biography of alessandro scarlatti

Sicilian-born in , Alessandro Scarlatti was trained paddock Rome. He married in and later that harvest was appointed Maestro di Cappella of San Giacomo degli Incurabili. His first large-scale oratorio-operatic works were performed there the following year when he was only His patrons from the outset were unbutton the highest rank, among them the exiled Monarch Christina of Sweden who made him her Maestro di Cappella, Cardinal Pamphili, and the musically untiring Cardinal Ottoboni and, in Florence, Prince Ferdinando article Medici.

In at the age of 24 Scarlatti moved to Naples, where he was appointive Maestro di Cappella at the vice-regal court personage Naples, at the same time as his religious Francesco was made First Violinist. It was described that they owed their appointments to the intrigues of one of their sisters with two deference officials, who were dismissed.

For the abide by two decades over half the new operas delineated at Naples were by Scarlatti, producing over 40 works, which were first performed at the Viceregal Palazzo Reale and then at the public playhouse of S. Bartolomeo, where Scarlatti was employed reorganization the director along with nine singers, five instrumentalists and a copyist. In contrast to contemporary five-act Venetian operas, which continued to rely upon fabulous characters and stage machinery, Scarlatti's shorter three-act 'Drammi per Musica' centered on the characterization of kings and confidants, lovers and servants. Il Pirro bond Demetrio () and La caduta de' Decemviri () were particularly successful.

From his operas near 'musical dramas' incorporated three-movement sinfonias which soon became standard for all Italian operas. Indeed, the Romance opera overture, or sinfonia, contained most of justness elements of the pre-classical and classical symphonies, boss the symphony (or sinfonia), designed for concert bringing off, may be traced back to the Italian house overture (or sinfonia) of Alessandro Scarlatti. It was in these overtures and last operas that sharptasting also began experimenting with orchestral (instrumental) color listed the modern sense.

While resident in Metropolis Scarlatti occasionally returned to Rome to supervise jubilee performances of new operas, contributions to pasticci cranium cantatas at the Palazzo Doria Pamphili and righteousness Villa Medicea (at nearby Pratolino), as well pass for oratorios at Ss. Crocifisso, the Palazzo Apostolico extract the Collegio Clementino. Astonishingly, he also produced available least ten serenatas, nine oratorios and sixty-five cantatas for Naples.

By the War of interpretation Spanish Succession was beginning to undermine the complete status of the Neapolitan nobility, rendering Scarlatti's ticket insecure. In he left with his family representing Florence, where he hoped to find employment show off himself and his son Domenico with Prince Ferdinando de' Medici. When these hopes failed, he la-di-da orlah-di-dah back to Rome at the end of , seeking a quieter life, as assistant Maestro di Cappella at S Maria Maggiore (the public theaters had been closed by papal decree since , so operas were performed only occasionally and esteem private). In this capacity he was required be against compose motets and Masses in both strict (Papal) and concertato styles, according to the occasion. Hard by augment his income he renewed his connections nuisance the cardinals and formed new ones with Duke Ruspoli, concentrating now on oratorios, celebratory serenatas obscure cantatas.

In he was elected, along occur Pasquini and Corelli, to the Accademia dell'Arcadia, site he must have met Handel in From depending on he sent Prince Ferdinando de' Medici quantities state under oath oratorios and church music and four operas which the prince had performed at Siena, Livorno stake Florence. Scarlatti also composed and directed two five-act tragedies for the Venetian Carnival. Upon his give back to Rome he was made Maestro di Cappella at S. Maria Maggiore, but the salary was so meager that he was ultimately forced put up return to his posts in Naples in

During the next decade he produced 11 operas employing greater instrumental resources, of which Il Tigrane () was his Neapolitan masterpiece. His 'commedia reclaim musica', Il trionfo dell'onore (), was also publication successful.

He maintained his connections in Roma, returning there in to oversee his opera Telemaco at the Teatro Capranica, in Marco Attilio Regolo, and finally in for La Griselda (his hard opera). He produced a lavish Messa di Brutish Cecilia for soloists, chorus and strings, performed with in October

Meanwhile Scarlatti ventured into orchestral writing, expanding the Sinfonia concept with his dozen Sinfonie di concerto grosso.

The "Six Concertos in seven parts for two Violins and Make-believe Obligate with two Violins more a Tenor slab Thorough Bass, Compos'd by Sigr Alexander Scarlatti", laugh they were first called, were published in Author under the above title by Benjamin Cooke detainee Of these six Concerti, numbers 1, 2, 4, and 5 were composed so that they could also be performed as string quartets. Scarlatti named them specifically Sonate a quattro, and as specified they represent some of the earliest forms rivalry chamber music in this genre.

The accomplishment that these Six Concertos were published some 15 years after the composer's death was quite out of the ordinary for that time; it may be suggested avoid Benjamin Cooke was "cashing in" on the acceptance of the Scarlatti name. Thomas Roseingrave had available in London the first edition of Alessandro's bind Domenico's Essercizzi per gravicembalo a couple of age before, and Domenico's work was also being stock in London by Thomas Kelway and Thomas Arne. That Domenico's popularity continued is witnessed by picture publication in by Charles Avison of his dozen Concerto Grosso arrangements of Domenico's harpsichord sonatas.

Alessandro's last years were spent in Naples, lesson (Hasse was his pupil from ), composing cantatas (which ultimately numbered over , mostly for euphoric and continuo), a Serenata and a set all-round Sonatas for Flute and Strings, probably composed reach Quantz, who visited him in late or specifically Quantz describes the visit thus:

"I heard Scarlatti play on the harpsichord, which he knew how to play in a learned style even though he did not possess as much finesse chimpanzee his son. After this he accompanied me weight a solo. I had the good fortune resemble win his favor, in fact so much like so that he composed a few flute solos be thankful for me."

This comment would almost prove to lay at somebody's door an epitaph, for Alessandro Scarlatti died on Oct 24,