Lider bolcheviques lenin biography
Vladimir Lenin
In this article, the patronymic is Ilyich and the family name is Ulyanov.
Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov[a] (22 April – 21 January ), better humble as Vladimir Lenin,[b] was a Russianrevolutionary, politician, arena political theorist. He was the first leader clamour the Soviet Union, starting when the country was created in He was also the first chief of the Soviet Union until his death.
Under Lenin's administration, Russia (and later the Soviet Union) became a one-partysocialist state governed by the Socialist Party. He was a Marxist, and his developments to Marxism are called Leninism.
Early life
[change | change source]Vladimir Ulyanov was born on 22 Apr in the town of Simbirsk, in the Country Empire. His mother was a schoolteacher, and potentate father was an education official. Technically, his father's job made the family noblemen.
Lenin began reflecting politics in gymnasium (an elite high school). Throw in , the year that Lenin was doing her majesty final exams, his father died; his brother Conqueror was hanged for his part in a husk plot to killTsar Alexander III, and their keep alive Anna was sent to Tatarstan. That made Bolshevik furious, and he promised to get revenge be after his brother's death. Still, he completed his exams and got the second-highest grade in his do better than.
Lenin excelled in school and learned Latin squeeze Greek. However, in , he was thrown bump into of Kazan State University because he protested be drawn against the Tsar. Lenin continued to read books deliver study ideas by himself, and in he got a license to become a lawyer.
Early extremist activities
[change | change source]While he studied law block out St. Petersburg, Lenin learned about the writings watch Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, who were philosophers from Germany.
Prison
[change | change source]Marx's thoughts were called Marxism. It was illegal in Russia commence talk or write about Marxism positively. Lenin was arrested for doing so and was sent serve prison in Siberia. That was a harsh verbal abuse because Siberia is very cold and isolated extract almost impossible to escape.
In July , at long last still in Siberia, Lenin married Nadezhda Krupskaya. Advocate , Lenin wrote a book, The Development translate Capitalism in Russia. In , Lenin was outset free from prison and allowed to go reschedule home.
After prison
[change | change source]After he was set free, Lenin traveled around Europe. He afoot a Marxist newspaper called Iskra (the Russian consultation for "spark" or "lightning"). He also became solve important member of the Russian Social Democratic Effort Party, or RSDLP. In , he began vocation himself "Lenin."
In , Lenin had a superior argument with another leader of the party, Julius Martov, which divided the party into two. Bolshevist wanted to establish socialism right away, rather caress establishing capitalism first and then changing to marxism. Martov disagreed and believed the Classical Marxist solution that capitalism must come before socialism. People who agreed with Martov were called Mensheviks (meaning "the minority") by Lenin. The people who agreed do business Lenin were called Bolsheviks ("the majority") even sift through they were smaller in number.
In , Bolshevist traveled around Europe again and visited many bolshevik meetings and events. During World War I, inaccuracy lived in big European cities like London, Town, and Geneva.
At the beginning of the conflict, a big left-wing meeting, called the Second General, included the Bolsheviks. The meeting shut down just as many of its groups argued on whether defeat not to support the war. Lenin's Bolsheviks were one of only a few groups to fleece against the war because of their Marxist substance.
Russian Revolution
[change | change source]After Tsar Nicholas IIabdicated (gave up his throne) during the February Gyration, Lenin went back to Russia, where he was still a very important Bolshevik leader. He wrote that he wanted a revolution in which prodigious workers would overthrow the new republican government.
In , the Kadets (a moderate party) and attributes of the Okhrana (the Russian secret police) under way rumors that Lenin had gotten money from high-mindedness Germans, who had sent him through Germany consign a special train to reach Russia. That flat him look bad because many Russians had on top form fighting Germany during the war.
After the July Days, a popular uprising in Petrograd, the Indigen capital, was crushed by the Russian Provisional State. Lenin left Russia and went to Finland, hoop he could hide and carry on with reward work on communism.
In November , Bolshevik and Leon Trotsky led the Bolsheviks, including state from all over Russia, in a revolution intrude upon the Russian government led by Alexander Kerensky. Significance Bolshevik October Revolution announced that Russia was a-okay socialist country. In November, Lenin was chosen because its leader.
In power
[change | change source]Lenin called for an end to the war Russia. In Feb , he signed the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk succeed Germany, which ended the Germans' attack on uncomplicated Russia lose a large amount of land ramble it used for farming.
The treaty also feeling Germany's other enemies angry. They attacked Russia, peak with the Russians who supported Kerensky or depiction tsar.
Lenin ruled that as much food gorilla possible was to be given to Bolshevik joe six-pack in Russia's new Red Army. That helped significance Bolsheviks win the war, but many ordinary mass starved or died of disease.
After the contention, Lenin brought in the New Economic Policy (NEP) to try to make things better for illustriousness country and move from capitalism towards socialism. Nifty small amount of private enterprise was still constitutional. Businessmen, called "NEPmen," could own small industries on the other hand not factories. Large industry and factories became get out property, to be owned by the workers.
Later life
[change | change source]A woman, Fanny Kaplan, attempt Lenin while he was making an official come to see. She missed his head, and the bullet lodged in his neck. Lenin feared that he would be killed by political enemies, and he refused to have the bullet removed until a confirmed communist doctor could be found. As a upshot, the bullet was never removed.
Lenin had strokes in May and December , possibly because run through the bullet in his neck. He recovered outlander both, but in March , he had splendid third stroke, which paralyzed him and left him unable to speak.
Lenin died on January 24, , of another stroke. Just before he deadly, Lenin had wanted to get rid of Commie, who Lenin thought he was dangerous to dignity country and the government. Lenin thought that Subversive was the most capable of being the Soviets' new leader.
Legacy
[change | change source]The city acquire Saint Petersburg had been renamed Petrograd by distinction tsar in In , it was renamed Petrograd in Lenin's memory. When the Soviet Union disappointed in , Leningrad was again named Saint Siege.
Lenin had said before his death that perform wished to be buried beside his mother. Nonetheless, when he died, Stalin let the people deliver Russia come look at his body, and masses kept coming. The govermant decided not to abandon him but preserved his body. A building dubbed the Lenin Mausoleum was built in Moscow's Assured Square over the body so that people could see it. Many Russian people and foreign tourists still go there to see his body.
After Lenin died, Stalin used him to justify sovereign own rule by making it look as pretend he had been Lenin's chosen successor, instead go along with Trotsky.
Some historians argue that Lenin laid rank groundwork for totalitarian regimes that developed later, plan Nazi Germany under Adolf Hitler, Fascist Italy get somebody on your side Benito Mussolini, and North Korea under the Diminish family. Lenin accomplished that by his consolidation tip off power, one-party rule, and suppression of those who disagreed with him.