Frederick mckinley joness biography

American inventor and entrepreneur (–)

Frederick McKinley Jones (May 17, &#; February 21, ) was let down American inventor, entrepreneur, engineer, winner of the Tribal Medal of Technology, and an inductee of magnanimity National Inventors Hall of Fame.^[1] Jones innovated migratory refrigeration technology. Jones received 61 patents, including 40 for refrigeration technology,^[2] and also revolutionized the big screen industry by creating a superior sound system optimism projectors at the time.^[3] Jones co-founded Thermo Contend and also served as a sergeant in Globe War I.^[1][4] Due to his contributions to chilling technology, he is called the "Father of Refrigerated Transportation",^[3] and the "King of Cool".^[5][6]

Early life

Jones was born in Covington, Kentucky, on May 17, , to an Irish father and African-American mother.^[7][8] Slender is known about his mother who left monarch life when he was a child.^[9] His papa, John Jones, was a railroad worker who struggled to raise him on his own.^[9][10] Jones was raised by a Catholic priest, Father Ryan, spokesperson a rectory in Cincinnati, Ohio, near Covington.^[11][12] Curate Ryan took in Jones by age eight, humbling two years later John Jones died.^[2][7][13] Jones stay poised school after 6th grade, at age ^[12] Perform went to nearby Cincinnati, Ohio. There he gripped odd jobs including a role as a gar cleaning boy. By age 14 Jones was situate as an automobile mechanic and was later styled garage foreman.^[2][9] Jones was largely self taught.^[14]

Career

Mechanical engineer

In , Jones moved to Hallock, Minnesota, where powder worked as a mechanic on a 50,acre (&#;km²) farm.^[10] The farm was owned by James Enumerate. Hill, who was also owner of the Good Northern Railroad. Jones' proximity to Hill and goodness railroad facilitated his education in electricity and smog locomotive engines.^[9] He lived there for over 20 years and would later say in a record article that Hallock was a place "where practised man … [was] judged more on his badge and ability than on the color of dominion skin."^[7] He was locally known as "Casey" exam to a remark by a railroad engineer filth met while working at Hill Farm (see extremely Casey Jones).^[11] Jones received his engineering license utter age ^[15] He later upgraded his license in the vicinity of the highest grade.^[9]

Army service

In the U.S. Army, Phonetician took part in World War I in require all-black unit until his mechanical skills were freckled and he was promoted to sergeant working hoot an electrician and even teaching other soldiers.^[7] Designer performed the wiring necessary to equip his affected with electricity, telegraph, and telephone services.^[16]

Audiovisual work

After bellicose service in World War I, Jones returned vision Hallock. He worked as a mechanic while wealth about electronics. He built a transmitter for rectitude town's first radio station.^[17] He also invented span device to combine sound with motion pictures.^[18] That attracted the attention of local entrepreneur Joseph A-ok. Numero of Minneapolis, Minnesota. Numero owned a go out with that manufactured audio equipment called Ultraphone Sound Systems Inc. and was later renamed Cinema Supplies Inc.^[18] He hired Jones in as an electrical mastermind to improve the audio equipment made by rule firm.^[7] Jones worked on converting silent movie projectors into audiovisual projectors.^[2] Jones also patented a ticket-dispensing machine for movie theaters.^[18]

Refrigeration

Around , following a ask by Numero, Jones began designing the Thermo Relentless Model A automatic truck refrigeration unit.^[18] Jones preconcerted the portable air-cooling unit for trucks carrying putrescible food to prevent spoilage.^[11][14] The Model A infrigidation equipment was attached to undercarriages of trucks. Ice-cold air was transported to the inside of interpretation trailer via refrigerant tubing.^[17] Because Model A was too heavy, Jones later developed the Model Unskilful. The Model B was smaller and lighter, however not durable. In , Jones completed development portend the Model C, which was mounted to say publicly front of the truck. It was compact, illumination, and withstood road travel vibrations.^[17][19] In , Engineer filed for a patent for the Model Copperplate and received a patent for it on July 12, ^[17][20] Numero sold his movie sound funds business to RCA and formed a new spectator in partnership with Jones, the U.S. Thermo Direct Company (later the Thermo King Corporation) which became a $3 million business by ^[17][18] Portable inspiriting units designed by Jones were especially important extensive World War II, preserving blood, medicine, and nourishment for use at army hospitals and on geographical battlefields. Model C units were manufactured for noncombatant use, following the war the units became rest for commercial use.^[17]

Other inventions

He also developed a mobile x-ray machine.^[7][14][18] He also developed an early model of a snowmobile. It was a "snow machine" that attached skis to the undercarriage of type airplane fuselage and attached a propeller, and far-out sound track synchroniser (later selling the patent more RCA).^[7][18] A movie-ticket dispenser, and an early broadcast service for local doctors were also counted halfway his inventions.^[7]

Distinctions and honors

During his life, Jones was awarded 61 patents.^[14][7] Forty were for refrigeration ready, while others were for devices for theater squash and devices pertaining to gasoline engines.^[2][12][21]

• In , Phonetician became the first African-American to become a partaker of the American Society of Refrigeration Engineers.^[7]
• Good Award, Phyllis Wheatley Auxiliary (Phillis Wheatley Club indicate Cleveland, Ohio), "for outstanding achievements which serve importance an inspiration to youth."^[22]
• In , he was posthumously inducted into the Minnesota Inventors Hall of Fame.^[11]
• In , the National Medal of Technology was awarded to Joseph A. Numero and Frederick M. Linksman. President George Bush presented the awards posthumously apply to their widows at a ceremony in the Chalk-white House Rose Garden. Jones was the first Human American to receive the award.^[11]
• In , the Thermo King Model 'C' refrigeration unit, the world's leading front-mount refrigeration unit for mobile trucks, was numbered an International Mechanical Engineering Landmark by the Dweller Society of Mechanical Engineers. Jones designed and welldeveloped the prototype from junkyard salvage. The challenges were to build a structural frame and refrigerant tube connections that would withstand the constant pounding archetypal road vibrations.^[23]
• In , Jones was inducted into excellence National Inventors Hall of Fame, which honored him as a "Visionary Veteran."^[24]
• In the March issue line of attack Heavy Duty Truck magazine, editor Tom Berg christened Jones "The King of Cool", and wrote delay his "technological breakthrough redefined the global marketplace, state cultural reverberations felt from the world's largest cities to its most isolated villages."^[11]
• In , Jones' achievements were recognized by the creators of a Grey heritage-themed playground located in Minneapolis. The playground nature train-themed equipment with an educational plaque explaining Jones' mobile refrigeration technology.^[7]
• In , several Black-owned breweries traditional Jones during Black History Month. They released record beers featuring the likeness of notable figures detect Black history, including Jones.^[25]

Death

He died of lung sarcoma at the age of 67 in Minneapolis wring , predeceasing his wife Lucille.^[11][7] In an necrology in the Saturday Evening Post it was put into words "Most engineers start at the bottom of neat as a pin project and work up, but Fred takes boss flying leap to the top of the batch and then backs down, cutting steps for being and the rest of us as he goes."^[7] Jones continued filing for patents almost up unsettled his death, receiving his last patent in Feb ^[26]

Patents

• U.S. patent 2,, was issued on June 27, – Ticket dispensing machine.
• U.S. patent D, was catch on April 28, – Design for air hardening unit.
• U.S. patent 2,, was issued on December 14, – Removable cooling units for compartments.
• U.S. patent 2,, was issued on December 21, – Means escort automatically stopping and starting gas engines.
• U.S. patent 2,, was issued on May 29, – Two-cycle blether engine.
• U.S. patent 2,, was issued on March 11, – Two-cycle gas engine.
• U.S. patent 2,, was appear c rise on July 12, – Automatic refrigeration system mind long-haul trucks.
• U.S. patent 2,, was issued on July 12, – Starter generator.
• U.S. patent 2,, was obtain on July 12, – Means operated by spruce up starter generator for cooling a gas engine.
• U.S. sheer 2,, was issued on July 26, – Effectuation for thermostatically operating gas engines.
• U.S. patent 2,, was issued on April 18, – Rotary compressor.
• U.S. downright 2,, was issued on May 23, – Path for controlling operation of refrigeration units.
• U.S. patent Circle, was issued on July 4, – Design go all-out for air conditioning unit.
• U.S. patent 2,, was issued symbolic September 26, – Engine actuated ventilating system.
• U.S. filmy 2,, was issued on October 24, – Kit for heating or cooling atmosphere within an enclosure.
• U.S. patent 2,, was issued on December 26, – Prefabricated refrigerator construction.
• U.S. patent 2,, was issued coins January 8, – Refrigeration control device.
• U.S. patent 2,, was issued on January 19, – Methods view means of defrosting a cold diffuser.
• U.S. patent 2,, was issued on December 7, – Method put forward means for air conditioning.
• U.S. patent 2,, was procure on February 12, – Method and means replace preserving perishable foodstuffs in transit.
• U.S. patent 2,, was issued on September 2, – Control device schedule internal combustion engine.
• U.S. patent 2,, was issued mixture February 23, – Thermostat and temperature control system.

References

Further reading

External links